Innovation in Mathematics Education through Problem-Based Learning.

Abstract

Problem-Based Learning (PBL) emerges as an innovative methodology in the realm of higher education, particularly in the teaching of mathematics, by promoting the development of logical, critical, and analytical thinking. In countries such as Ecuador, Peru, and Mexico, PBL has established itself as an effective alternative to traditional approaches, transforming students into active participants who construct their knowledge through solving real-world problems. The purpose of this research is to examine the application of Problem-Based Learning (PBL) as an innovative pedagogical strategy in university-level mathematics education, aiming to evaluate its impact on the development of essential competencies, such as critical thinking, problem-solving, and autonomous learning. To achieve this, a systematic literature review was conducted, analyzing its implementation in various contexts and its effect on student motivation and academic performance. This study allowed for an exploration of how the identification of real problems and collaborative planning foster skill development, student autonomy, and the acquisition of meaningful learning. In summary, PBL has proven to be an effective pedagogical methodology for promoting active and meaningful learning in higher education, especially in the field of mathematics. By focusing on solving real or simulated problems, PBL not only enhances the understanding of theoretical concepts but also strengthens key skills such as critical thinking, teamwork, and communication.