Characterization of the profile of cognitive impairment in older adults in Mexico
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.63688/xmazzj63Keywords:
Dementia, Latent Classes, ENASEMAbstract
The document analyzes cognitive impairment and dementia in people over 50 in Mexico, using the 2018 National Survey on Health and Aging (ENASEM). The Latent Class Analysis (LCA) method was applied to classify the population into five profiles according to the prevalence of chronic diseases, socioeconomic status, and education level, among other characteristics, finding that those with lower socioeconomic and educational levels have higher prevalences of cognitive impairment and dementia. An overall prevalence of 5.6% was identified for cognitive impairment and 3.0% for dementia. However, significant differences in prevalence were found according to age and sex related to the influence of social and economic factors. Profile 2 was identified as having the greatest impairment, characterized by low socioeconomic and educational levels and located in rural areas where the prevalence of nonfunctional cognitive impairment and dementia reached levels of 14.4% (in both cases). The study highlights the importance of the ACL for identifying patterns and conditions that could influence cognitive impairment, although it warns of the difficulty of establishing direct causal relationships. It concludes that specific theoretical and statistical models should be developed to achieve a better understanding of the effect of the variables analyzed and to define intervention strategies related to cognitive health.
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